Python物件導向(Object-oriented programming，簡稱OOP),類別(Class), 物件(Object), 屬性(Attribute)=變數, 方法(Method)=函式, 建構式(Constructor) def init(self,x,y): 計算計程車車資, assert 斷言, 全域變數與區域變數

by 儲蓄保險王 · 2022-09-20

class Cars: # 汽車類別

def __init__(self, color, seats): # 建構式

self.color = color # 顏色屬性

self.seats = seats # 座位屬性

# 注意縮排

def drive(self): # 方法

print(f”My car is {self.color} and has {self.seats} seats”)

benz = Cars(“blue”, 4) # 物件

class Motors: # 摩托車類別

pass

print(“Is Cars?”, isinstance(benz, Cars))

print(“Is Motors?”, isinstance(benz, Motors))

# 存取物件的屬性值:

print(“Color:”, benz.color) # blue

print(“Seats:”, benz.seats) # 4

#benz.seats, 存取屬性時,不用()

#像math.pi ,非math.pi()

benz.drive()

#存取方法時,即使沒有參數也要()

Python物件導向(Object-oriented programming，簡稱OOP),類別(Class), 物件(Object), 屬性(Attribute)=變數, 方法(Method)=函式, 建構式(Constructor) def __init__(self,x,y): 計算計程車車資, assert 斷言, 全域變數與區域變數 - 儲蓄保險王

執行結果:

class MyClass: # MyClass() 有無括弧都可以,但: 一定要

x = 0 # 縮排在class之下

y = 0

def myprint(self): # 縮排在class之下

self.x += 1 # 再縮排到def之下

MyClass.y += 1

print(“(x,y)=({},{})”.format(self.x, self.y))

bracketsNo = MyClass

bracketsYes = MyClass()

brackets_Nobrackets = bracketsNo()

# bracketsNo.myprint() #這行錯誤

# TypeError: myprint() missing 1 required positional argument: ‘self’

bracketsYes.myprint()

brackets_Nobrackets.myprint()

Python物件導向(Object-oriented programming，簡稱OOP),類別(Class), 物件(Object), 屬性(Attribute)=變數, 方法(Method)=函式, 建構式(Constructor) def __init__(self,x,y): 計算計程車車資, assert 斷言, 全域變數與區域變數 - 儲蓄保險王